I. Tam sim no muaj kuab paug thiab xav tau ntawm cov khib nyiab roj teeb pov tseg
Tuam Tshoj tsim dua tshaj 1 {{0 billion pov tseg roj teeb txhua xyoo, nrog 30% muaj cov hlau hnyav. Piv txwv li, thaum cov roj teeb niaj hnub AA thiab AAA muaj cov ntsiab lus mercury hauv qab 0.0005% (raws li cov kev pheej hmoo mercurs hauv qab av mercury qib. Kev saib xyuas cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm lub xeev pom tias cov av muaj kev nyab xeeb ntau dua li cov muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm cov txiaj ntsig keeb kwm yav dhau los, tsis pub muaj cov phom sij ntawm cov phom sij.
Lub cadmium hauv npib tsib xee-cadmium roj teeb yog 100 npaug ntau lom ntau dua li cov hmoov txhuas. Ib lub cell nkaus xwb tuaj yeem paug rau 600, {3} litres ntawm cov dej-sib npaug rau ib tus neeg haus rau ib tus neeg. Kev tuav cov roj teeb tsis raug cai ua rau roj teeb liab tau ua rau "cov menyuam yaus lom zem tshaj cov ntshav taug kev, muaj kev cuam tshuam hnyav. Cov duab no qhia qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim kom muaj pov tseg pov thawj science science.
Ii. Kev Tshawb Fawb Kev Siv Rau Cov Neeg Tso Tseg Ntaus Cov Roj Teeb
(A) tiered pov tseg cov kev daws teeb meem rau cov roj teeb tsev neeg
1,Mercury-Dawb Alkaline Roj Teeb: Niaj hnub Aa \/ AAA Alkaline Roj Teeb Muaj<0.0005% mercury, meeting GB/T 8897.2 standards, and can be disposed of with household waste. It is recommended to wrap electrode terminals with transparent tape to prevent short-circuiting and electrolyte leakage.
2,Cov roj teeb tshwj xeeb ntawm cov roj teeb rehargeable: Lithium-ion thiab npib tsib xee-hlau hydride roj teeb yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo rov qab muaj dab tsi. Lub tuam txhab "kev ua lag luam-hauv" Program rov qab 200 tons ntawm cov roj ntsha lithium ib xyoos ib zaug, ua tiav ntawm 92% kev pab siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.
3,Kev tuav tes tshwj xeeb ntawm Khawm: Mercury-muaj khawm hlwb yuav tsum tau muab ntim thiab tso rau hauv cov chaw khaws khoom pov tseg hauv zej zog. Lub teb chaws Yelemees's Magdeburg ntub cov khoom siv cov khoom siv ntau dua 95% ntawm cov hlau, ua kom muaj zog tshaj 12,} rMB hauv cov roj teeb.
(B) Kev lag luam roj teeb tshuab
1,Cov txheej txheem kev tsim kho cov coj ua-acid: Ib qho kev sib xyaw ua ke "pyrometallurgical + hydrometallurgical" txoj kev txo lead thiab purifies rauv thiab purifies rauv thiab purifies rauv, ua tiav 98% txhuas rov qab tus nqi. Polish Enterprise Converts hloov cov sulfuric acid mus rau hauv cov khoom xyaw xab npum, ua tiav xoom paug paug paug.
2,Kev rov ua cov txheej txheem rau cov roj teeb lithium-ion: Retired lub tshuab roj teeb hluav taws xob tau kuaj xyuas thiab ua kom muaj zog cia chaw nres nkoj yog tias muaj peev xwm tshaj 80%. Tus automaker "lub tsheb-chaw nres tsheb-cascading" cov txheej txheem siv hluav taws xob 1.5 GWh ntawm cov roj teeb txhua xyoo, txo lub zog cia cov nqi los ntawm 30%.
3,Pyrolysis thev naus laus zis rau npib tsib xee-cadmium roj teeb: Lub tshuab nqus pa tawm ntawm Mercury ntawm 800 degree, ua ke nrog sib nqus sib cais kom rov qab cov hlau thiab npib tsib xee. Cov nqi yog tswj hwm ntawm 6,345 rmb \/ tuj, txuag 40% piv rau cov qauv kev ua yeeb yam.
III. Kev Siv Cov Pathways Rau Cov Tshuab Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob
(A) txoj cai thiab tswj cov kev saib xyuas kev nyab xeeb
Sichuan xeev "sib piv ntawm kev rov ua dua tshiab thiab siv lub zog hluav taws xob kom muaj lub luag haujlwm tshiab thiab tsim cov kev lav phibtistics" kev sib txuas lus. EU lub roj teeb qhia tias yuav tsum muaj 65% rov ua dua tshiab thiab txuas ntxiv lub luag haujlwm tsim.
(B) tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv rov ua haujlwm
1,Zej Zog Sau Cov Ntsiab Lus: Lub zej zog Beijing deploped delycling bins nrog QR Code Scorning thiab qhov hnyav thiab ua tiav rau 85% kev koom tes nrog tus lej.
2,Online Zauv Platforms: Tus "LazonP Urycling" app muaj cov kev pab sau cov rooj sau nyob rau hauv 238 lub nroog, nrog cov nqi roj teeb rov qab muaj 15% siab dua li cov nom lia.
3,Kev ncua chaw tsim nyog: Lub roj teeb roj teeb siv "cov nyiaj tso tawm," Yuav tsum tau them nyiaj rau them 5 RMB tso nyiaj rov qab los siv cov roj teeb rov ua haujlwm rau 78%.
(C) thev naus laus zis thev naus laus zis
1,Kev Siv Tshuab Bioleching: Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans rho tawm cobalt thiab lithium, txo cov pa roj ntsha kom tsawg li ntawm cov kua qaub qaub. Pilot-teev kev sim tau ua tiav Kiloos-qib kev ua.
2,Ntshav maj mam: Thaum 1,400 degree, cov roj teeb tau hloov mus rau cov roj hluavtaws nrog 99.9% cov hlau hnyav hlau immobilization. Cov lag luam Japanese tau ua rau cov thev naus laus zis no.
3,Ai Sorting Systems: Spectral tsom xam thiab tshuab pom tshuab ua kom muaj lub sijhawm 8 lub roj teeb ntau nrog 99.5% tseeb.
IV. Kev Koom Tes Pej Xeem thiab Kev Ua Haujlwm Ib puag ncig
(A) Tsev neeg tuav cov lus qhia
1,CWJ HWJ HEEV: Siv AirTight cov thawv ntim khoom siv roj teeb, tiv thaiv kev sib cuag nrog cov khoom hlau.
2,Kev rov ua cov txheej txheem: Cov roj teeb qub qub tuaj yeem ua tau xuas ua lag luam mus rau hauv cov styluses, cov lus eliminators zoo li qub, lossis rab riam. Ib puag ncig NGO "Khib roj teeb Rhiav" txo cov av hauv thaj av los ntawm 12 tons ib xyoos ib zaug.
3,Cov lus teb thaum muaj xwm ceev: Yog tias lub roj teeb roj teeb, muab cov roj hmab so tam sim ntawd nrog cov kua roj hmab soda thiab hloov lub roj teeb siv cov hnab looj tes roj hmab.
(B) Kev tsav tsheb hauv zej zog
1,Kev kawm ib puag ncig: Lub voj voog zej zog "lub neej ntawm cov roj teeb" kev ua yeeb yam siv VR thev naus laus zis los ntawm kev paub txog cov 'kev paub txog ib puag ncig ntawm 42%.
2,Cov ntsiab lus siab: Lub zej zog nyob hauv Shanghai tau qhia "Cov Nyiaj ntsuab ntsuab", muab 50 积分 (ntsiab lus) ib phaus rau kev them nyiaj rau kev them nyiaj txhua hnub lossis cov vouching nres tsheb.
3,Kev koom tes hauv tsev kawm ntawv qib siab: Tsinghua University thiab Tsev Kawm Ntawv Theem Nrab "los tsim cov cuab yeej ntsuas qis, ua tiav 91% cov tub ntxhais kawm koom nrog kev ua haujlwm.
V. Kev Tsim Kho Yav Tom Ntej
1,Blockcegain Traceavility system: Ib lub tuam txhab tsim lub roj teeb tswj kev tswj hwm lub roj teeb platform rau kev nrhiav cov khoom siv los ntawm kev rov ua dua tshiab, txhim kho kev ua haujlwm los ntawm 35%.
2,Cov Chaw Kho Mob Me Nyuam: Cov phiaj xwm tab tom pib ua cov chaw ua si cheeb tsam nruab nrog cov kab tsis sib xws, txo cov nqi rau 800 rmb \/ tuj.
3,Kev Koom Tes Thoob Ntiaj Teb: Sino-German Kev koom tes ntawm ib tug "Hydrometallurgical-pyrometallurgical" hybrid txheej txheem ua tiav ({}}}}}}} kev txhim kho txhim kho cov txheej txheem qub.